ICCD - International Center for Clubhouse Development Library last updated Feb. 2005

ICCD Clubhouse Library
Reference List

Updated: October 28, 2007

If you have any questions regarding clubhouse research, or the articles listed below please use the contact form. Or contact

Colleen McKay

Program Director, Program for Clubhouse Research

University of Massachusetts Medical School

55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655

(508) 856-8471 email: colleen.mckay@umassmed.edu

Jump to a Research Area:

Activities

Cella, E.P., Besancon, V. & Zipple, A. (1997). Expanding the role of clubhouses: Guidelines for establishing a system of integrated day services. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 21(1), 10-15.

Davey, J. (1995). Engaging Members in Clubhouse Activities: Getting From "Will You?" to "I Want To". 1-5. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/20davey.htm

Mitchell, J. (1995). Engaging Members in Clubhouse Activities: Choices, Options, Coffee, and Relationships. 1-3. Available:http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/19mitch.htm

Vorspan, R. (1988). Activities of Daily Living in the Clubhouse: You Can't Vacuum in a Vacuum. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 12(2), 15-21.

Administration

Kirou, S. (1995). Keeping the Clubhouse Safe for All: Security Issues in the Clubhouse. 1-2.

Singer, B. (1995). By Consensus: Confessions of a Clubhouse Administrator. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 100-103.

Advocacy

Beard, J.R. (1995). Necessity is the Mother of Invention. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 86-92.

Levine, D. (1995). Advocacy: How to Get Your Clubhouse Started. 1-5. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT.

Locher, J. (1995). Public Voices, Public Advocacy. 1-6. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT.

Webb, M. & O’Brien, T. (1999). Advocacy in Adult Mental Health Rehabilitation Services. Journal of Health Gain, 12-15.

Animation

Moxley, D.P. & Jacobs, D.R. (1995). The role of animation as a program development strategy. Administration in Social Work 19(1), 1-13.

Australia

Bishop, B. & Finney, H. (1996). Lorikeet Clubhouse Evaluation. The School of Psychology at Curtin University for The Schizophrenia fellowship of Western Australia. 1-47.

MacDonald, D. (1999). Trials and Triumphs: The Opening of Lorikeet Clubhouse in Perth, Australia. 1-6. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/05macdon.htm

Mullavey O'Byrne, C., Adamson, L., & Hatcher, T. (2002). An Evaluative Study of Pioneer Clubhouse, Australia: Pioneer Clubhouse, 1-19.

Papers presented at N.C.C. 96 Brisbane. (10-25-1996). The Second Australian National Conference on the Clubhouse Model. 1-91.

Waghorn, G. & King, R. (2000). Australian trends in Vocational Rehabilitation for Psychiatric Disability. 1-32. The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia.

Autonomy

Crawford, R. (1995). Supported Autonomy, 1-9. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/07craw.htm

Benchmarks

Macias, C., Barriera, P., Alden, M., and Boyd, J. The ICCD Benchmarks for Clubhouses: A Practical Approach to Quality Improvement in Psychiatric Rehabilitation. Psychiatric Services 52(2), 207-213, 2001.

Board of Directors

Crawford, R. (1-31-1999). Starting a Clubhouse: Funding, TEP, and the Board of Directors. 1-6. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model. Available:http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/07craw.htm

Perry, M. (2001). The Clubhouse Board of Directors: The Role of the Member Representative. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 17-18.

Brain Injury

Jacobs, H. E. & DeMello, C. (1996). The clubhouse model and employment following brain injury. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation 7(3), 169-179.

Jacobs, H. (1997). The Clubhouse: addressing work-related behavioral challenges through a supportive social community. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 12, 14-27.

Burnout

Finch, Ellen S. & Krantz, Steven R. (1991). Low burnout in a high-stress setting: A study of staff adaptation at Fountain House. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 14(3), 15-27.

Capitation

Macias, C., Farley, O. William, Jackson, R., & Kinney, R. (1997). Case management in the context of capitation financing: An evaluation of the strengths model. Administration and Policy in Mental Health 24(6), 535-543, 1997.

Care

George, T. B. (1999). Meanings, expressions, and experiences of care of chronically mentally ill in a day treatment center using Leininger's culture care theory. Dissertation Abstracts International Section B: the Sciences & Engineering 59(12B).

Hickey, S. (1999). Arrests and incarcerations after psychosocial program involvement: Clubhouse vs. Jailhouse. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 23(1), 66-70.

Career

Caldwell, B.A., Fishbein, S., & Woods, J.D. (1994). Development of an academic career ladder program in psychiatric rehabilitation: A field initiative. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 18(2), 55-66.

Frank, S. (1995). Clubhouse Facilitation of Independent Employment. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 60-61.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/clubhouse-facilitation-of.shtml

Paul, D. (1992). From Crisis To Career: My Story. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16(2), 87-89.

Certification

Chamberlain, L. (1995). ICCD Certification Experience: Hearing from the Certified. 1-4. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/51chamb.htm

Macias, C., Propst, R.N., Rodican, C., & Boyd, J. (2001). Strategic Planning for ICCD Clubhouse Implementation: Development of the Clubhouse Research and Evaluation Screening Survey (CRESS). Mental Health Services Research, 3, 155-167.

Macias, C., Harding, C., Alden, M., Geertsen, D., & Barreira, P. (1998). The Value of Program Certification for Performance Contracting. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 26, 345-360.

Rhoads, K. (1998). Using the Standards to Ensure Quality Clubhouses: The Value of the ICCD Clubhouse Certification Process, 1-2.

Wang, Q., Macias, C., & Jackson, R. (1999). First Step in the Development of a Clubhouse Fidelity Instrument: Content Analysis of Clubhouse Certification Reports. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 22, 294-301.

China

Yau, Y.F.E. & Chan, C.H.C. (2002). Clubhouse Program for Chinese People With Schizophrenia. Rehabilitation Psychology, 45, 324-325.

Chronic

Peterson, R. (1982). What are the needs of chronic mental patients? Schizophrenia Bulletin 8(4), 610-616.

Clubhouse

Agar, A. (2005). Sacred Space: Uncovering the Spirituality of Clubhouse. Master’s Thesis. Milltown Institute of Theology and Philosophy, Dublin, Ireland. 1-55.

Anderson, S. (2004). The clubhouse model, innovation, and the standards. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 5, 32-34.

Anderson, S. (1999). We Are Not Alone: Fountain House & the Development of Clubhouse Culture. Fountain House Inc., New York, NY.

Arnold, J. (1999). Clubhouse Magic. The Clubhouse Community Journal 1, 10-11.

Archibald, M. (1995). The Heart of Who We Are: Fundamentals of Clubhouse. 1-4. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT.

Beard, M. (1992). Social Networks. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 16(2), 111-116.

Beard, M. (1987). Ten Excuses not to do Transitional Employment and Eleven Reasons Why. Presented at the 4^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Seattle, WA.

Beattie, I. (1999). One Mind at a Time. Clubhouse Community Journal, 1, 25-27.

Besancon, V. & Zipple, A. (1995). From Day Program to Clubhouse: Practical Strategies for Supporting the Transformation. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 18, 7-15.

Cole, R. (1999). From Bipolar to Cancer: My Relationship with Crossroads Clubhouse and the Clubhouse Model. Clubhouse Community Journal, 1, 14-16.

Coolidge, J., Wright, M., & DiSanto, D. (1995). Quyana House: a clubhouse for Alaska Natives/American Indians. Journal of the California Alliance for the Mentally Ill, 6, 64-65.

Corcoran, J. (2002). The State of the Clubhouse Movement: Our Present and Our Future. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 1-5.

Crane, K. (1995). Clubhouse Leadership. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/40crane.htm

Crawford, R. (1-31-1999). Starting a Clubhouse: Funding, TEP, and the Board of Directors. 1-6. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available:http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/07craw.htm

Daily, A. (1995). Staff, Friends, and Hope in the Clubhouse. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 31-32 Presented at the 7^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, MA.

Dougherty, S. (1994). The generalist role in clubhouse organizations. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 18(1), 95.

Dudek, K.J. & Stein, R. (1992). Organizing for Clubhouses: The Massachusetts Success Story. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 141-146.

Duncan, J. (1995). The Clubhouse: Someplace I Like To Be. 1-7. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/43duncan.htm

ECRI (2001). The Clubhouse Model for Psychosocial Rehabilitation of Individuals with a Severe Mental Illness ECRI Health Technology Assessment Information Service.

Eddy, R. (1995). Staff/Member Relationships: Inside, Outside, All Around the Club! 27-30.

Eisner, Rachel (2002, July). The Coolest Club in Town. InCity Times, Worcester, MA.

Ely, I. (1992). Closeness in Clubhouse Relationships. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 16(2), 61-62.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/closeness-in-clubhouse-re.shtml

Foderaro, Lisa W. (1994, November 8). 'Clubhouse' helps mentally ill find the way back. New York Times, pp. B.

Forman, R. (2002). The Clubhouse and the Larger Community. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 8-10.

Furches, M. (1995). The Benefits Of A Free-Standing Clubhouse. 1-3. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/06furch.htm

Galan, R. (1995). Staff as Generalist: What Does It Mean? Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 84-85.

Glickman, M. (1992). "What If Nobody Wants to Make Lunch?" Bottom Line Responsibility in the Clubhouse. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 55-59.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/what-if-nobody-wants-to-m.shtml

Glickman, M. (1992). The Voluntary Nature of the Clubhouse. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 39-40.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/the-voluntary-nature-of-t.shtml

Flannery, M. & Glickman, M. (1996). Fountain House: Portraits of lives reclaimed from mental illness. (First Ed.) Center City, MN: Hazelden Press.

Glickman, M. (1995). Rashomon, Physical Therapy, and My Experience with the Boston University Model. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 1-14.

Glickman, M. (1995). Integration: Its Evolution in the History of the Clubhouse Movement. 1-7. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/42glick.htm

Gruber Arnold, J. (2001). Clubhouse Transformations. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 8-10.

Gumma, B. (2002). The Clubhouse: Taking Responsibility. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 46-48.

Gramps, M. (1985). Mutual Empowerment. 1-5. Presented at the 4^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Seattle, WA.

Hanninen, J. & Multanen, S. (2002). The Birth of a Finnish Clubhouse. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 16-17.

Harris, S. (1995). The Clubhouse: More than Dividing up into Units. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/47harris.htm

Herman, S. E., Onaga, E., Pernice-Duca, F., Oh, S., & Ferguson, C. (2005). Sense of community in clubhouse programs: Member and staff concepts. American Journal of Community Psychology, 36, 343-356.

Heyman, J. (2001). A Consideration of Rights. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 1-2.

Hietala, O., Valjakka, S., & Martikka, N. (2000). "Here you work for yourself." Clubhouses and member houses as new alternatives in rehabilitation and employment. Rehabilitation Foundation: Helsinki, Finland.

Hobbs, A. (1999). Trials and Triumphs of the Early Days of our Clubhouse. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model. Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/02hobbs.htm

Jackson, R. (1987). "A Collision of Values". Presented at the 4^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model.

Jarl, B. (1992). Living with the Standards in a Growing Clubhouse. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16(2), 31-38.

Jarl, B. (2002). From Philosophy to Practice in the Everyday Work of the Clubhouse. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 56-62.

Johnsen, M., McKay, C., Corcoran, J., & Lidz, C. (1-31-2002). Characteristics of Clubhouses across the World: Findings from the International Survey of Clubhouses 2000. 1-23.

Juul, H., Casse, J., Jorgensen, P., Pedersen, H., Larsen, E., Engstrom, B.B., et al. (1995). "Kildehuset Papers" Growing a Clubhouse: the Beginnings of Kildehuset. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 75-83.

Kirou, S. (1995). Keeping the Clubhouse Safe for All: Security Issues in the Clubhouse. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT.

Korsman, H. (2004). Why Clubhouse? The Clubhouse Community Journal, 5, 10-13.

Levine, D. (1995). Advocacy: How to Get Your Clubhouse Started. 1-5. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT.

Lowe, H. (1995). J.D., The Clubhouse and Me. 1-3. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/44lowe.htm

Mastboom, J. Forty Clubhouses: Model and Practices. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16(2), 9-23, 1992

Macias, C., Jackson, R., Schroeder, C., & Wang, Q. (1999). What is a Clubhouse? Report on the ICCD 1996 Survey of USA Clubhouses. Community Mental Health Journal, 35, 181-190.

McLeod, J. (1995). Safety in the Clubhouse. 1-4. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT.

Moran, M. (2003). Disability Program Gives Power to the People. Psychiatric News, 38, 7-10.

Moxley, D.P., Jacobs, D.R., & Wilson, L.W. (1992). Building a Clubhouse From the Ground Up; A Strategic Perspective. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 125-139.

Murphy, S. (1999). What is a Clubhouse? Clubhouse Community Journal, 1, 2-3.

Nelson, J. (1995). Fund Raising Strategies for Clubhouses. 1-3. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT.

Peckhoff, J. (1992). Patienthood to Personhood. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16(2), 5-7.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/patienthood-to-personhood.shtml

Propst, R.N. (1987). Mining Our Value System. Presented at the 4^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Seattle, WA.

Richards, D. (2002). The Clubhouse: Helping Us Accept and Appreciate Ourselves. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 24-25.

Rhoads, K. (2001). Clubhouse: The Partnership Community. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 29-32.

Richards, D. (2002). The Clubhouse: Helping Us Accept and Appreciate Ourselves. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 24-25.

Rosenfield, S. & Neese-Todd, S. (1993). Elements of a psychosocial clubhouse program associated with a satisfying quality of life. Hospital & Community Psychiatry, 44, 76-78.

Rosengard, A., Laing, I., & Ridley, J. (2004). A Review of Clubhouses in Scotland.Scottish Association for Mental Health.Available:http://www.samh.org.uk/pdfs/clubhouseevaluationreport/FINALReportofClubhouseReviewResearch1.pdf

Singer, B. (1995). By Consensus: Confessions of a Clubhouse Administrator. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 100-103. Presented at the 7^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, MA.

Singer, B. (2002). The Clubhouse: Its Structure, Philosophy, and Values. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 20-23.

Skokan, P. (2002). The Clubhouse: Belonging to Our Communities. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 11-14.

Small, R. D. & Sudar, M. (1995). Islands of Brilliance. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 18, 37-50.

Sonne, Mikael. (1984). The Fountain House model: Rehabilitation of the chronically mentally ill. Nordisk Psykologi, 36(2), 75-90.

Stocker, S. (1995). Breakthrough Club Express. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 19-20.

Stumbaugh, L. (1983). "My Experience of Two Different Methods of Dealing with the Problems of Mental Illness". Fountain House Inc., New York, NY.

Stocker, S. (1999). A Clubhouse for the Elderly. Clubhouse Community Journal, 1, 23-24.

Tilot, L. (1995). Can the Clubhouse Serve all the Mentally Ill? Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 16-18. Presented at the 7^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, MA.

Uhing, M. K. (1995). Free At Last...Becoming a Free Standing Agency. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 67-74.

Vorspan, R. (1999). We Are Not Alone: Community and the Clubhouse. Clubhouse Community Journal, 1, 37-40.

Vorspan, R. (2002). Why Do We Come to the Clubhouse? The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 26-30.

Waters, B. (1978). "Mining Our Value System: A Personal Odyssey". Presented at the 4^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Seattle, WA.

Yau, Y. F. E. & Chan, C. H. C. (2002). Clubhouse Program for Chinese People With Schizophrenia. Rehabilitation Psychology, 45, 324-325.

Yildiz, M., Tural, U., Kurdoglu, S., & Emin Onder, M. (2003). An Experience of a Clubhouse run by Families and Volunteers for Schizophrenia Rehabilitation. Turk Psikiyatri Derg, 14, 281-287.

Clubhouse Model

Beard, J. R. (1997). Clubhouse Model Psychiatric Rehabilitation Programs: The Important Differences With Other Psychosocial Rehabilitation Programs. 1-5. Durham N.C.

Caulfield, J. (1997). Work Practice: The Clubhouse model. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 60, 423.

Cella, E. P., Besancon, V., & Zipple, A. (1997). Expanding the role of clubhouses: Guidelines for establishing a system of integrated day services. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 21, 10-15.
Chaudhry, M. & Mirza, L. (1997). Rehabilitation of schizophrenics in a developing country (five years of Fountain House, Lahore, Pakistan). Mental Health Soc, 4, 301-307.

Clark-Turner, J. (1981). US Experience in Promoting State and Local Programs Based on Fountain House Philosophy. Conference Proceeding. 1-11.

Cole, R. (1999). From Bipolar to Cancer: My Relationship with Crossroads Clubhouse and the Clubhouse Model. Clubhouse Community Journal 1, 14-16.

Corcoran, J. (2002). The State of the Clubhouse Movement: Our Present and Our Future. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 1-5.

Demers, M. (1999). Roots and Vision: The Clubhouse Model. Clubhouse Community Journal, 1, 4-9.

ECRI. (2001). The Clubhouse Model for Psychosocial Rehabilitation of Individuals with a Severe Mental Illness ECRI Health Technology Assessment Information Service.

Farrell, S. P. & Deeds, E. S. (1997). The Clubhouse Model as Exemplar: Merging Psychiatric Nursing and Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 35, 27-34.

Foderaro, Lisa W. (1994, November 8). 'Clubhouse' helps mentally ill find the way back. New York Times, pp. B.

Forman, R. (2002). The Clubhouse and the Larger Community. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 8-10.

Fountain House (1999). Gold Award: The Wellspring of the Clubhouse Model for Social and Vocational Adjustment of Persons With Serious Mental Illness. Psychiatric Services, 50, 1473-1476.

Fraser, M.E. & Jackson, R.L. (1983). Introduction of the Clubhouse Model in a Community Mental Health Center. The Fountain House Annual, 1, 1-7.

Gormly, K. S. (1996). "Filling the Gaps": The Role of the Fountain House Model Clubhouse in the Lives of People with Mental Illness. 1-65.

Hanna, C., H., J., Jorgensen, P., Pedersen, H., Larsen, E., Engstrom, Berit B., & Vinther, E. (1995). "Kildehuset Papers” Growing a Clubhouse: the Beginnings of Kildehuset. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 75-83.

Herman, S. E., Onaga, E., Pernice-Duca, F., Oh, S., & Ferguson , C. (2005). Sense of community in clubhouse programs: Member and staff concepts. American Journal of Community Psychology, 36,343-356.

Herman, S.E., Onaga, E., Randall, K., Pernice-Duca, F., Oh, S., & Ferguson, K. (2000). Evaluating Psychosocial Clubhouse Programs: Strategies, Methods, and Clubhouse Principles.

Hodosh, M. J. (1984). Application of the Fountain House Model of Psychiatric Rehabilitation: What Are We Really Doing? Dissertation, Massachusetts School of Professional Psychology. UMI Number: 9832066.

Jackson, R. L. (2001). The Clubhouse Model: Empowering Applications of Theory to Generalist Practice. (First Ed.) Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Jackson, R. & Purnell, D. (1996). The Clubhouse Model of community support for adults with mental illness: An emerging opportunity. Journal of Social Work Education, 32, 172.

Johnsen, M., McKay, C., Corcoran, J., & Lidz, C. (2002). Characteristics of Clubhouses across the World: Findings from the International Survey of Clubhouses 2000.

Liberman, R. P., Kopelowicz, A., & Silverstein, S. M. (2005). Psychiatric Rehabilitation. In Hospital and Community Psychiatry (pp. 3384-3930).

Macias, C., Boyd, J. & Propst, R.N. (2000). Screening for Fidelity to a Service Model: Development of a Self-Report Measure for Clubhouse Programs.

Macias, C., Barriera, P., Alden, M., & Boyd, J. (2001). The ICCD Benchmarks for Clubhouses: A Practical Approach to Quality Improvement in Psychiatric Rehabilitation. Psychiatric Services, 52, 207-213.

Mandiberg, J. M. (2000). Strategic Technology Transfer in the Human Services: A Case Study of the Mental Health Clubhouse Movement and the International Diffusion of the Clubhouse Model. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Michigan.

Mastboom, J. (1992). Forty Clubhouses: Model and Practices. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 9-23.

McKay, C. E., Yates, B. T., & Johnsen, M. (2007). Costs of Clubhouses: An International Perspective. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 1-11.

Meewisse, A. (1997). Friendship and organizing: A study of the Fountain House Movement. University of Lund, 343-350.

Meyers, M.A.S. (1995). The Clubhouse Model in Mental Health Treatment. Presented at the Society for Applied Anthropology, Albuquerque, NM.

Moxley, D.P., Jacobs, D.R., & Wilson, L.W. (1992). Building a Clubhouse From the Ground Up; A Strategic Perspective. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 16(2), 125-139.

Moxley, D.P. & Jacobs, D.R. (1995). The role of animation as a program development strategy. Administration in Social Work, 19, 1-13.

Murphy, S. (1999). What is a Clubhouse? Clubhouse Community Journal 1, 2-3.

Norman, C. (2006). The Fountain House movement, an alternative rehabilitation model for people with mental health problems, members' descriptions of what works. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 20, 184-192.

Palmer, H. & Nichols, W. (10-17-1997). Rationale for Reconsideration of Traditional Clubhouse Program Model. 1-8. Center for Community Change through Housing and Support, Burlington, VT.

Propst, R. N. (1987). Mining Our Value System. Presented at the 4th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Seattle, WA.

Propst, R. N. (1997). Stages in realizing the international diffusion of a single way of working: the clubhouse model. New Directions in Mental Health Services, 74, 53-66.

Rees, R., D'Angelo, L., Culbertson, S., & Johnson, L. (2001). Adopting the ICCD Clubhouse Model in Rural Appalachian Ohio. Ohio State University, 1-39.

Rhoads, K. (1993). Capital Clubhouse: A Pilot Model of a Consumer Run Clubhouse. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 62-66. Presented at the 7^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, MA.

Snowadzky, B. (1999). Mental Illness and Empowerment: A Descriptive Study Of A Clubhouse Model, 1-152. Masters Arts, University of New Hampshire.

Sparrow, W. (2002). Maintaining the Integrity of the Clubhouse Model in a Changing Mental Health Funding System. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 42-45.

Starks, R.D., Zahniser, J.H., Maas, D., & McGuirk, F. (2000). The Denver approach to rehabilitation services. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 21, 59-64.

S. P. and Deeds, E. S. (1997). The clubhouse model as exemplar: merging psychiatric nursing and psychosocial rehabilitation. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services 35(1), 27-34.

The Wellspring of the Clubhouse Model for Social and Vocational Adjustment of Persons With Serious Mental Illness. (1999). Psychiatric Services 50(11), 1473-1476.

Thompkins, E. (2002). The Clubhouse and the Community: Mutually Benefiting Each Other. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 15.

Vorspan, R. (1985). Staff/Member Relationships in the Clubhouse Model. The Fountain House Annual, 3. Presented at The 3^rd International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, New York, NY.

Vorspan, R. (1986). Attitudes and Structure in the Clubhouse Model. The Fountain House Annual 4(1), 1-7. Paper based on an address given at the Vermont Conference on Community Rehabilitation, Stowe, VT.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/attitudes-and-structure-i.shtml

Waters, B. (1978). "Mining Our Value System: A Personal Odyssey.” Presented at the 4^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, St. Louis, MO.

Webb, B. (2002). The Voluntary Nature of the Clubhouse. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 31-32. Presented at the 11^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Chattanooga, TN.

Community

Angers, M. (1992). "Created" Communities and the "Natural" Community. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16(2), 117-123.

Asmussen, S., Romano, J., Beatty, P., Gasarch, L., & Shaughnessy, S. (1994). Old Answers for Today's Problems: Integrating Individuals Who Are Homeless with Mental Illness into Existing Community-Based Programs: A Case Study of Fountain House. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 18(1), 75-93.

Forman, R. (2002). The Clubhouse and the Larger Community. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 8-10.

Landis, J. (19##). Estimating Net Effects and Costs of Service Options for Persons with Serious Mental Illness. Unknown, 1-4.

Macias, C. & Rodican, C. (2000). Coping with recurrent loss in Mental Illness: Unique aspects of Clubhouse Communities. Journal of Personal and Interpersonal Loss, 205-221.

Macias, C., Kinney, R., & Vos, B. (1994). The role of case management within a community support system: Partnership with psychosocial rehabilitation. Community Mental Health Journal 30, 323-339.

Rhoads, K. (2001). Clubhouse: The Partnership Community. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 29-32.

Skokan, P. (2002). The Clubhouse: Belonging to Our Communities. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 11-14.

Sweet, T. (3-15-2001). In Pursuit of Excellence: The Nature of Building a Restorative Clubhouse Community. 1-17.

Sweet, T. (2001). Stigma Within the Clubhouse Community. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 11-16.

Test, M.A. (1998). Community-based treatment models for adults with severe and persistent mental illness. Sante Mentale au Quebec 23(2), 119-147.

Thompkins, E. (2002). The Clubhouse and the Community: Mutually Benefiting Each Other. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 15.

Vorspan, R. (1999). We Are Not Alone: Community and the Clubhouse. Clubhouse Community Journal, 1, 37-40.

Vorspan, R. (2002). Why Do We Come to the Clubhouse? The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 26-30.

Consumer

Kosciulek, J. & Merz, M.A. (2001). Structural Analysis of the Consumer-Directed Theory of Empowerment. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 44, 209-216.

Mowbray, C. T., Holter, M. C., Mowbray, O. P., & Bybee, D. (2005). Consumer-Run Drop-In Centers and Clubhouses: Comparisons of Services and Resources in a Statewide Sample. Psychological Services, 2, 54-64.

Rhoads, K. (1995). Capital Clubhouse: A Pilot Model of a Consumer Run Clubhouse. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 62-66.

Cost

Berthaume, B., Bailey, D.M., Horowitz, B., & McCrory, M.V. (1994). Cost and intensity of case managers' referrals to psychiatric day programs. Hospital & Community Psychiatry 45(1), 62-65.

Cowell, A., Pollio, D.E., North, C.S., Stewart, A.M., McCabe, M.M., & Anderson, D.W. (2003). Deriving Service Costs for a Clubhouse Psychosocial Rehabilitation Program. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 30, 323-340.

Landis, J. (1999). Estimating Net Effects and Costs of Service Options for Persons with Serious Mental Illness. Psychiatric Services, 50, 735-738.

McKay, C. E., Yates, B. T., & Johnsen, M. (2007). Costs of Clubhouses: An International Perspective. Mental Health Services Research and Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 34(1), 62-72.

Culture

Anderson, S. (1995). Fountain House and the Development of Clubhouse Culture. 1-8. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT.

Anderson, S. (1999). We Are Not Alone: Fountain House & the Development of Clubhouse Culture. New York: Fountain House Inc.

George, T.B. (1999). Meanings, Expressions, and Experiences of Care of Chronically Mentally Ill in a Day Treatment Center Using Leininger's Culture Care Theory.Dissertation Abstracts International Section B: the Sciences & Engineering,59 (12B), 1-177.

Decision Making

Arnold, M. (1995). Decision Making in the Clubhouse. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 98-99.

Bradley, K. (1995). Who Decides to Do What, and When? Decision Making in the Clubhouse: Process and Implementation. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT.

Gordon, K. (1993). "Decision Making, Advocacy and Governance in the Clubhouse". Genesis Club Annual, 131-133.

Gordon, K. (1995). Clubhouse: Finding The 'Balance of Power' Which Heals. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 104-106.

Denmark

Elmelund, J., Engstrom, B.B., Hillgaard, L. & Juul, H. (1995). Kildehuset - Fountain House in Aalborg, Denmark. Engstrom, Berit. 1, 3-132.

Juul, H., Casse, J., Jorgensen, P., Pedersen, H., Larsen, E., Engstrom, B.B. et al. (1995). "Kildehuset Papers" Growing a Clubhouse: the Beginnings of Kildehuset. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 75-83.

Diversion

Johnson, J. & Hickey, S. (1999). Arrests and incarcerations after psychosocial program involvement: Clubhouse vs. Jailhouse. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 23, 66-70.

Education

Bressard, R. (1992). Going Back to School. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 105-106.

Dougherty, S., Hastie, C., Bernard, J., Broadhurst, S., & Marcus, L. (1992). Supported Education: A Clubhouse Experience. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 91-104.

Dougherty, S. & Campana, K.A. (1996). Supported Education: A qualitative study of the student experience. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 19, 59-70.

Dougherty, S. (1997). A chance to go to school. Journal of the California Alliance for the Mentally Ill, 8, 36-38.

Doyle, A., Adams, J., & Petersson, M. (2003). Supporting Member Education. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 5, 7-9.

Kinzel, C.H. (1990). Educating for ownership: The use of non-formal education in the Fountain House model of psychiatric rehabilitation (a naturalistic environment).Dissertation Abstracts International,1-204.

Mowbray, C.T., Megivern, D., & Holter, M.C. (2003). Supported Education Programming for Adults with Psychiatric Disabilities: Results from a National Survey. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 27, 159-167.

Unger, K.V. & Pardee, R. (2002). Outcome measures across program sites for postsecondary supported education programs. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 25, 299-303.

Elderly

Stocker, S. (1999). A Clubhouse for the Elderly. Clubhouse Community Journal 1, 23-24.

Employment (see Transitional Employment, Supported Employment, and Work)

Bailey, D.M., Horowitz, B., & McCrory, M.V. (1994). Cost and intensity of case managers' referrals to psychiatric day programs. Hospital & Community Psychiatry 45(1), 62-65.

Barker, L. (1994). Community-based models of employment services for people with psychiatric models. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 17, 55-66.

Beard, M. (1987). Ten Excuses not to do Transitional Employment and Eleven Reasons Why. Presented at the 4^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Seattle, WA.

Bilby, R. (2002). TE in Tough Times. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 88-93.

Bilby, R. (2000). Reflections on Clubhouse-based Employment. 1-7.Plenary Presentation, Eastern Regional Clubhouse Conference, Philadelphia, PA, 1996.

Bilby, R. (1992). A Response to Criticisms of Transitional Employment. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 16(2), 69-82.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/a-response-to-the-critici.shtml

Bilby, R. (1987). The Ethics of Transitional Employment. 1-4. Presented at the 4^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Seattle, WA.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/the-ethics-of-transitiona.shtml

Bilby, R. (1999). Transitional Employment: The Most Supported of Supported Employments. The Clubhouse Community Journal 1, 34-36.

Carey, M.A. (1996). The employment intervention demonstration program. Community Support Network News 11(3).

Cook, J.A. & Razzano, L. (1995). Discriminant function analysis of competitive employment outcomes in a transitional employment program for persons with severe mental illness. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation 5, 127-139.

Di Masso, J., Avi-Itzhak, T., & Obler, D.R. (2001). The clubhouse model: An outcome study on attendance, work attainment and status, and hospitalization recidivism. Work, 17, 23-30.

Donnell, C.M. (2001). The Clubhouse Model in Michigan: A preliminary Examination of Individual and Organizational Characteristics Associated with Employment Outcomes. Thesis, 1-177.

Dorio, J., Guitar, A., Solheim, L., Dvorkin, C. & Marine, S. (2002). Differences in Job Retention in a Supported Employment Program. 1-18. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 25 (3), 289-298.

Eisner, R. (2001). From Clark to Clubhouse: My Vocational Odyssey. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 19-21.

Eisner, R. (2002). From Fairy Tale to Real Life Vocational Fitness. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 94-96.

Frank, S. (1995). My Employment Journey. 1-5. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/09frank.htm

Frank, S. (1995). Clubhouse Facilitation of Independent Employment. Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 60-61. International Center for Clubhouse Development.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/clubhouse-facilitation-of.shtml

Garrett, E. (2002). One Member's Experience of Clubhouse Support through the Independent Employment Journey. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 107-108.

Henry, A., Nicholson, J., Clayfield, J., Phillips, S., & Stier, L. (2002). Creating Job Opportunities for People with Psychiatric Disabilities at a University- Based Research Center. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 26, 181-190.

Jacobs, H.E. & DeMello, C. (1996). The clubhouse model and employment following brain injury. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation 7(3), 169-179.

Johnsen, M., McKay, C., Henry, A., & Manning, T.D. (2004).What does competitive employment mean?A secondary analysis of employment approaches in the Massachusetts Employment Intervention Demonstration Project. In Fisher, William (ed.) Employment for Persons with Severe Mental Illness, Volume 13, Research in Community and Mental Health. Oxford, UK: Elsevier.

Kelliher, S. (2006). Factors influencing member employment in International Center for Clubhouse Development (ICCD) clubhouses.

Leff, H.S. & Wise, M. (1995). Measuring service system implementation in a public mental health system through provider descriptions of employment service need and use. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 18(4), 51-64.

Lodin, S. (1992). The Meaning of Transitional Employment. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 16(2), 85-86.

Malamud, T.J. & McCrory, D. (1988). Transitional employment and psychosocial rehabilitation. Cardiello, J. A. and Bell, M. D. Vocational Rehabilitation of persons with prolonged psychiatric disorders. (10), 150-162.

Marrone, J., Balzell, A. & Gold, M. (1995). Employment supports for people with mental illness. Psychiatric Services 46(7), 707-711.

Macias, C., Rodican, C. F., Hargreaves, W. A., Jones, D. R., Barreira, P. J., & Wang, Q. (2006). Supported Employment Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial of ACT and Clubhouse Models. Psychiatric Services, 57, 1406-1415.

Macias, C., DeCarlo, L.T., Wang, Q., Frey, J., & Barreira, P. (2001). Work Interest as a Predictor of Competitive Employment: Policy Implications for Psychiatric Rehabilitation. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 28, 279-297.

Macias, C. (2001). Final Report: Massachusetts Employment Intervention Demonstration Project. "An Experimental Comparison of PACT and Clubhouse". Fountain House Inc. (On-line). Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/pdfs/samhsa_final.pdf

Macias, C., DeCarlo, L. T., Wang, Q., Frey, J., & Barreira, P. (2001). Work Interest as a Predictor of Competitive Employment: Policy Implications for Psychiatric Rehabilitation. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 28, 279-297.

McKay, C. E., Johnsen, M., Banks, S., & Stein, R. (2006). Employment transitions for clubhouse members. Work. 26(1):67-74, 26, 67-74.

McKay, C., Johnsen, M., & Stein, R. (2005). Employment outcomes in Massachusetts clubhouses. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 29, 25-33.

Obler, D, Triolo, J, and Avi-Itzhak, T (2002). Admit One Ticket to Work: Using the Clubhouse Model With the Ticket to Work Program. OT Practice, 17-21.

Omarkhail, J. (2002). Clubhouse Support for Members in Independent Employment. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 103-106.

Persson, M. (1992). Transitional Employment: The Swedish Experience. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 16(2), 83-84.

Phillips and Biller. (1993). Transitional Employment program for persons with a long-term mental illness. A review. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 17(2), 101-106.

Phillips. (7-9-1990). When a Good Deed Can Be a Good Deal. The Wall Street Journal, New York, NY.

Reed, S. J. & Merz, M. A. (2001). Integrated service teams in psychiatric rehabilitation: A strategy for improving employment outcomes and increasing funding. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 31, 1-.

Salkever, D. S. (2006). Commentary: policy priorities and shifting sands in the supported employment evidence base. Psychiatric Services.57(10):1440, 57, 1440.

Schonebaum, A. D., Boyd, J. K., & Dudek, K. J. (2006). A Comparison of Competitive Employment Outcomes for the Clubhouse and PACT Models. Psychiatric Services, 57, 1416-1420.

Szymanski, E.M. & Parker, R.M. (1988). Supported Employment and time-limited transitional employment training: Options for rehabilitation counselors. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 19(2), 11-15.

Empowerment

Gramps, M. (1985). Mutual Empowerment. 1-5. Presented at the 4^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Seattle, WA.

Kosciulek, J. & Merz, M.A. (2001). Structural Analysis of the Consumer-Directed Theory of Empowerment. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 44, 209-216.

Mowbray, C. T., Lewandowski, L., Holter, M., & Bybee, D. (2006). The clubhouse as an empowering setting. Health & Social Work.31(3):167-79, 31, 167-179.

Snowadzky, B. (1999). Mental Illness and Empowerment: A Descriptive Study Of A Clubhouse Model, 1-152. Masters Arts Thesis, University of New Hampshire.

Ethnography

Metcalfe, A.J. (1994). Just what I needed: an ethnographic study of Nile House. Occupation 2(1), 22-33.

Evaluation

Beard, J.R. (1995). Evaluating Clubhouse Staff. 1-6.Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, Utah.

Bishop, B. & Finney, H. (1996). Lorikeet Clubhouse Evaluation. (Ed. Hetherington, R., Loney, S., Venema, S., and White, A.) 1-47.

Boll, Jay. (1995). Member roles in program evaluation: A case study from a psychosocial clubhouse. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 19(1), 79.

Booth, M.E. (1993). Effects of program factors on client outcomes: Evaluation of three clubhouse programs for persons with severe mental illness. Social Work.

Furches, M. (2000). Hiring, Firing, and Evaluating Staff. Presented at the Midwest Region Clubhouse Conference, Wichita, KS.

Malamud, T.J. & Associates. (1985). National clubhouse outcome evaluation study. Fountain House, Inc.

Mullavey O'Byrne, C., Adamson, L., & Hatcher, T. (2002). An Evaluative Study of Pioneer Clubhouse. 1-19.

Neese-Todd, S. & Weinberg, J. (1992). Public Academic Liaison: One Clubhouse Approach to Research and Program Evaluation. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 16(2), 147-161.

Warner, R., Huxley, P, & Berg, T. (1999). An Evaluation of the Impact of Clubhouse Membership on Quality of Life and Treatment Utilization. International Journal of Social Psychiatry 45(4), 310-320.

Evidence Base (see also Research)

Family

Yildiz, M., Tural, U., Kurdoglu, S., & Emin Onder, M. (2003). An Experience of a Clubhouse run by Families and Volunteers for Schizophrenia Rehabilitation. Turk Psikiyatri Derg, 14, 281-287.

Fidelity

Lucca, A. M. (2000). A clubhouse fidelity index: Preliminary reliability and validity results. Mental Health Services Research, 2, 89-94.

Finland

Hanninen, J. & Multanen, S. (2002). The Birth of a Finnish Clubhouse. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 16-17.

Fountain House (see also Clubhouse, Clubhouse Model)

Anderson, S. (1999). Fountain House 1948 - 1998 A Transforming Vision. 1-44. Fountain House, Inc., New York, NY.

Anderson, S. (1985). The Role of Staff at Fountain House. The Fountain House Annual, 3.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/the-role-of-staff-at-foun.shtml

Anderson, S. (1999). We Are Not Alone: Fountain House & the Development of Clubhouse Culture. New York: Fountain House, Inc.

Aquila, R., Malamud, T. J., Sweet, T., & Kelleher, J. D. (2006). The Store Front, Fountain House, and the Rehabilitation Alliance. Medscape General Medicine, 8.

Asmussen, S., Romano, J., Beatty, P., Gasarch, L., & Shaughnessy, S. (1994). Old Answers for Today's Problems: Integrating Individuals Who Are Homeless with Mental Illness into Existing Community-Based Programs A Case Study of Fountain House. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 18(1), 75-93.

Bean, B. (1995). Expanded Supported Housing Program at Fountain House. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 94-97.

Beard, J.H. (1978). The rehabilitation services of Fountain House. In Alternatives to Mental Hospital Treatment: Proceedings of a Conference on Alternatives to Mental Hospital Treatment, Held in Madison Wisconsin (pp. 201-208). New York: Plenum Press.

Beard, J.H., Propst, R.N., & Malamud, T.J. (1982). Fountain House Model of Psychiatric Rehabilitation. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 5(1), 47-53.

Beard, J.H., Schmidt, J.R., Smith, L.M., & Dincin, J. (1964). Three aspects of psychiatric rehabilitation at Fountain House. Mental Hygiene 48, 11-9.

Chaudhry, M.R. and Mirza, L. (1997). Rehabilitation of schizophrenics in a developing country (five years of Fountain House, Lahore, Pakistan). Mental Health Soc 4(5-6), 301-307.

Elmelund, Jens, Engstrom, Berit Bagge, Hillgaard, Lis, and Juul, Hanna. (1995). Kildehuset - Fountain House in Aalborg, Denmark. Engstrom, Berit. 1, 3-132.

Flannery, M. & Glickman, M. (1996). Fountain House: Portraits of lives reclaimed from mental illness. (First Ed.) Center City, MN: Hazelden Press.

Kinney, R., Macias, C., & Rodican, C. (1995). Fountain House Work Attitude Scale: Psychometrics and preliminary research findings. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 18(4), 129-136.

Macias, C., Kinney, R., and Rodican, C. (1995). Transitional Employment: An evaluative description of Fountain House practice. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation 5, 151-157.

Meewisse, A. (1997). Friendship and organizing: A study of the Fountain House Movement. 343-350. University of Lund, Sweden.

Peck, Richard L. (2000). Fountain House: Cutting-Edge Services for the Mentally Ill. Behavioral Health Management, 42-46.

Richardson, J. (1987). A road to somewhere: Fountain House and Transitional Employment. In C. Patmore (Ed.), Living after mental illness: Innovations in services (pp. 215-226). New York, NY: Croom Helm.

Sonne, M. (1984). The Fountain House model: Rehabilitation of the chronically mentally ill. Nordisk Psykologi 36(2), 75-90.

Free Standing

Furches, M. (1995). The Benefits Of A Free-Standing Clubhouse, 1-3. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, Utah. Available:http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/06furch.htm

Uhing, M.K. (1995). Free At Last...Becoming a Free Standing Agency. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 67-74.

Funding/Fundraising

Crawford, R. (1-31-1999). Starting a Clubhouse: Funding, TEP, and the Board of Directors. 1-6. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model. Salt Lake City, UT. Available:http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/07craw.htm

Nelson, J. (1995). Fund Raising Strategies for Clubhouses. 1-3. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT.

Reed, S.J. & Merz, M.A. (2001). Integrated service teams in psychiatric rehabilitation: A strategy for improving employment outcomes and increasing funding. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 31(4), 40-46.

Group Placements

Harvey, R. B. (2002). Group Transitional Employment Placements: A Discussion. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 109-114.

Homeless

Asmussen, S., Romano, J., Beatty, P., Gasarch, L., & Shaughnessy, S. (1994). Old Answers for Today's Problems: Integrating Individuals Who Are Homeless with Mental Illness into Existing Community-Based Programs A Case Study of Fountain House. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 18(1), 75-93.

Hospitalization

Allen, N., Swiller, A., & Selz-Campbell, L. (2005). Hospitalization Research Undertaken at Threshold Clubhouse, June 2002.

Beard, J.H., Malamud, T.J., & Rossman, E. (1978). Psychiatric rehabilitation and long-term rehospitalization rates: the findings of two research studies. Schizophrenia Bulletin 4(4), 622-635.

Delaney, C. (1998). Reducing Recidivism: Medication Versus Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 36, 28-41.

Di Masso, J., Avi-Itzhak, T., & Obler, D.R. (2001). The clubhouse model: An outcome study on attendance, work attainment and status, and hospitalization recidivism. Work, 17, 23-30.

Allen, N., Swiller, A., & Selz-Campbell, L. (2005). Hospitalization Research Undertaken at Threshold Clubhouse, June 2002.

Wilkinson, W. (1992). New Day, Inc. of Spartanburg: Hospitalization Study. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 163-168.

Housing

Curtis, L. & Bradley, K. (1999). Clubhouse-Based Supported Housing: The Fifth Right? In Community, 3, 1-7.

Ruas, D. (2004). Having an address: The importance of clubhouse housing. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 5, 22-24.

Singer, B. (1999). Why Do Housing? Clubhouse Community Journal, 1, 28-31.

Sutherland, R. (1999). My Experiences in Progress Place Housing. Clubhouse Community Journal 1, 32-33.

Walsh, R. (1995). The Housing Unit: A Member's Perspective. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 93.

Integration

Glickman, M. (1995). Integration: Its Evolution in the History of the Clubhouse Movement. 1-7. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model. Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/42glick.htm

Leadership

Crane, K. (1995). Clubhouse Leadership. 1-3. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model. Salt Lake City, UT.

Yatsko, J. (2004). The Paradoxical Role of the Clubhouse Director. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 5, 1-3.

Legal

Nemens, Kate J.D.; Nicholson, Joanne Ph.D. (2006). The Clubhouse Family Legal Support Project for Parents With Mental Illness. [Report.]Psychiatric Services. 57:720.

Loss

Macias, C. & Rodican, C. (2000). Coping with recurrent loss in Mental Illness: Unique aspects of Clubhouse communities. Journal of Personal and Interpersonal Loss (2), 205-221.

Members/Membership

Beard, M. (1992). Social Networks. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 16(2), 111-116.

Boll, J. (1995). Member roles in program evaluation: A case study from a psychosocial clubhouse. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 19, 79-82.

Cook, H. (1900). Member Involvement in Hiring, Firing & Evaluation of Staff at Crossroads Clubhouse, Tulsa, Oklahoma. 1-2. Presented at the Midwest Regional Clubhouse Conference.

Davey, J. (1995). Engaging Members in Clubhouse Activities: Getting From "Will You?" to "I Want To". 1-5. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/20davey.htm

Donovan, Aaron, (2000, December 6). Club's Members Learn Skills for Life. New York Times. (150), B4. New York, NY.

Eddy, R. (1995). Staff/Member Relationships: Inside, Outside, All Around the Club! Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993. 27-30.

Herzog, J. & Bolton, R. (1995). "The Work-Ordered Day Study" Or, How a Required Quality Improvement Study Became a Serendipitous Bonanza. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 57-59.

Jackson, R. (1987). "A Collision of Values". Presented at the 4^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/how-work-works.shtml

Kennedy-Jones, M., Cooper, J., & Fossey, E. (2005). Developing a worker role: Stories of four people with mental illness. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 52, 116-126.

Jackson, R. (1992). How Work Works. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 16(2), 63-67.

Knight, S. (1995). Affirmative Action: From Clubhouse Member to Clubhouse Staff Member. 1-8. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT.

Lowe, H. (1995). J.D., The Clubhouse and Me. 1-3. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/44lowe.htm

Macias, C., Barreira, P., Hargreaves, W., Bickman, L., Fisher, W., & Aronson, E. (2005). Impact of Referral Source and Study Applicants' Preference for Randomly Assigned Service on Research Enrollment, Service Engagement, and Evaluative Outcomes. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 781-787.

Mulligan, K. (2005). Clubhouse Members Design Their Road to Recovery. Psychiatric News, 40, 14.

Nugent, J. (2002). Reaching In To Encourage Members to Take on New Roles and Challenges. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 70-71.

Paul, D. (1992). From Crisis To Career: My Story. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 87-89.

Peckhoff, J. (1992). Patienthood to Personhood. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 5-7.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/patienthood-to-personhood.shtml

Perkins, L. (2003). Mental Illness, Motherhood, and Me. Psychiatric Services, 54, 157-148.
Ref ID: 626

Perry, M. (2001). The Clubhouse Board of Directors: The Role of the Member Representative. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 17-18.

Peterson, R. (1982). What are the needs of chronic mental patients? Schizophrenia Bulletin, 8, 610-616.

Potter, A. (2002). Young Adults in the Clubhouse. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 85-86.

Stevens, C. (1999). In Clubhouse, We Wear Our Roles Like a Loose Garment. 1-5.

Stumbaugh, L. (1983). "My Experience of Two Different Methods of Dealing with the Problems of Mental Illness". Fountain House.

Szabo, V. (2004). The clubhouse: My personal journey. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 5, 35-38.

Thompson, S. J. (2002). The Four Rights of Membership. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 53-54.

Vorspan, R. (1985). Relationships in the Clubhouse Model. The Fountain House Annual 3. Fountain House, Inc.

Waters, B. (1978). "Mining Our Value System: A Personal Odyssey.”

Yau, E. F., Chan, C. C., Chan, A. S., & Chui, B. K. (2005). Changes in psychosocial and work-related characteristics among Clubhouse members: a preliminary report. Work.25(4):287-96, 25, 287-296

Mental Illness

Flannery, M. & Glickman, M. (1996). Fountain House: Portraits of lives reclaimed from mental illness. (First Ed.) Center City, MN: Hazelden Press.

Lucca, A.M. (1999). Relationships among program components, social environment, and member functioning in psychosocial rehabilitation programs for seriously mentally ill individuals. Dissertation Abstracts International Section B: the Sciences & Engineering 59(10-B), 5580.

Macias, C., Young, R., & Barreira, P. (2000). Loss of Trust: Correlates of the Comorbidity of PTSD and Severe Mental Illness. Handbook of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder 5, 103-124.

Peck, R.L. (2000). Fountain House: Cutting-Edge Services for the Mentally Ill. Behavioral Health Management, 42-46.

Peckhoff, J. (1992). Patienthood to Personhood. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 16(2), 5-7.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/patienthood-to-personhood.shtml

Scheid, T.L. & Anderson, C. (1995). Living with chronic mental illness: Understanding the role of work. Community Mental Health Journal 31(2), 163.

Stumbaugh, L. (1983). "My Experience of Two Different Methods of Dealing with the Problems of Mental Illness." 1983.

Steeples, T. (1995). The Clubhouse Newsletter: Its Importance and Purpose. 1-5. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/16steep.htm

Nursing

Delaney, C. (1998). Reducing Recidivism: Medication Versus Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 36, 28-41.

Outcomes (see also Research)

Outreach

Feller, J. (1995). City Lights: Spotlights. 1-8.Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/45feller.htm

Harris, S. (1995). Reachout Strategies: Inclusion not Intrusion. 1-3.Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/46harris.htm

Pakistan

Chaudhry, M.R. & Mirza, L. (1997). Rehabilitation of schizophrenics in a developing country (five years of Fountain House, Lahore, Pakistan). Mental Health Soc 4(5-6), 301-307.

Parenting

Nemens, Kate J.D.; Nicholson, Joanne Ph.D. (2006). The Clubhouse Family Legal Support Project for Parents With Mental Illness. [Report.]Psychiatric Services. 57(5):720.

Nicholson, J., Henry, A., Clayfield, J., & Phillips, S. (2001). Parenting well when you are depressed: A complete resource for maintaining a healthy family. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications.

Perkins, L. (2003). Mental Illness, Motherhood, and Me. Psychiatric Services, 54, 157-148.

Quality Improvement

Herzog, J. & Bolton, R. (1995). "The Work-Ordered Day Study" Or, How a Required Quality Improvement Study Became a Serendipitous Bonanza. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 57-59.

Macias, C., Barriera, P., Alden, M., & Boyd, A.S. (2001). The ICCD Benchmarks for Clubhouses: A Practical Approach to Quality Improvement in Psychiatric Rehabilitation. Psychiatric Services, 52, 207-213.

Quality of Life

Rosenfield, S. & Neese-Todd, S. (1993). Elements of a psychosocial clubhouse program associated with a satisfying quality of life. Hospital & Community Psychiatry, 44, 76-78.

Warner, R., Huxley, P., & Berg, T. (1999). An Evaluation of the Impact of Clubhouse Membership on Quality of Life and Treatment Utilization. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 45, 310-320.

Recovery

Angers, M. (2001). Implications to the Logic of Recovery in ICCD Clubhouse Model Programs. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 38-45.

Evarts, K. (2002). Venture House and My Journey Toward Recovery. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 40-41.

Lloyd, C., King, R., McCarthy, M., & Scanlan, M. (2007). The association between leisure motivation and recovery: A pilot study. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 54, 33-41.

Link, B.G., Struening, E.L., Neese-Todd, S., Asmussen, S., & Phelan, J.C. (2001). Stigma as a Barrier to Recovery: The Consequences of Stigma for the Self-Esteem of People With Mental Illnesses. Psychiatric Services, 52, 1621-1626.

Markwood, B. (2004). Clubhouses as bridges between recovery philosophy and practice. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 5, 43-45.

Mulligan, K. (2005). Clubhouse Members Design Their Road to Recovery. Psychiatric News, 40,14.

Shore, H. (2002). Voices of Hope. Marlborough, MA: Employment Options Inc.

Stevens, C. (2000). Learning to Let Go and Let G.O.D.: Recovery and Clubhouse. 1-10.

Stevens, C. (2003). Transformation of the Psychiatric Odyssey: The Mutual Growth Paradigm. 1-8.

Strachan, A. (2002). Recovery is Not A Four-Letter Word. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 49-52.

Tribble, M.E. (1995). Work, Recovery, Growth. 1-5.Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/12tribb.htm

Rehabilitation

Abbott, Mark. (2000). Senate Bill 620: An act relative to clubhouse projects in psychiatric rehabilitation.

Accordino, M.P. & Herbert, J.T. (2000). Treatment Outcome of Four Rehabilitation Interventions for Persons with Serious Mental Illness. Journal of Mental Health Counseling 22(3), 268-282.

Aquila, R., Santos, G., Malamud, T.J., & McCrory, D. (1999). The Rehabilitation Alliance in Practice: The Clubhouse Connection. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 23, 19-23.

Beard, J. H. (11-28-1957). Aspects of Social Rehabilitation, 1-18.

Beard, J. H., Goertzel, V., & Pearce, A. F. (1958). The Effectiveness of Activity Group Therapy with Chronically Regressed Adult Schizophrenics. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 8, 123-136.

Beard, J. H., Pitt, R. B., Fisher, S. H., & Goertzel, V. (1963). Evaluating the effectiveness of a psychiatric rehabilitation program. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 33, 701-712.

Beard, J. H., Schmidt, J. R., Smith, L. M., & Dincin, J. (1964). Three aspects of psychiatric rehabilitation at Fountain House. Mental Hygiene, 48, 11-9.

Beard, J. H. (1978). The rehabilitation services of Fountain House. In Alternatives to Mental Hospital Treatment: Proceedings of a Conference on Alternatives to Mental Hospital Treatment, Held in Madison Wisconsin (pp. 201-208). New York: Plenum Press.

Beard, J. H., Malamud, T. J., & Rossman, E. (1978). Psychiatric rehabilitation and long-term rehospitalization rates: the findings of two research studies. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 4, 622-635.

Beard, J. H., Propst, R. N., & Malamud, T. J. (1982). Fountain House Model of Psychiatric Rehabilitation. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 5, 47-53.

Foderaro, Lisa W. (1994, November 8). 'Clubhouse' helps mentally ill find the way back. New York Times, pp. B.

McGurrin, M.C. (1994). An Overview of the Effectiveness of Traditional Vocational Rehabilitation Services in the Treatment of Long Term Mental Illness. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 17, 37-55.

Campo, D., Wolcott, P., Mize, T.I., & Brotman, A.W. (1997). Approaches to psychosocial rehabilitation. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 4, 328-333.

Booth, M.E. (1993). Effects of program factors on client outcomes: Evaluation of three clubhouse programs for persons with severe mental illness. Social Work.

Reed, S.J. & Merz, M.A. (2001). Integrated service teams in psychiatric rehabilitation: A strategy for improving employment outcomes and increasing funding. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 31, 40-46.

Small, R.D. & Sudar, M. (1995). Islands of brilliance. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 18, 37-50.

Blank, M., Jodl, K., & McCall, B. (1996). Psychosocial rehabilitation program characteristics in urban and rural areas. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 20, 3-10.

Delaney, C. (1998). Reducing Recidivism: Medication Versus Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 36, 28-41.

Chaudhry, M. & Mirza, L. (1997). Rehabilitation of schizophrenics in a developing country (five years of Fountain House, Lahore, Pakistan). Mental Health Soc, 4, 301-307.

Lucca, A.M. (1999). Relationships among program components, social environment, and member functioning in psychosocial rehabilitation programs for seriously mentally ill individuals. Dissertation Abstracts International Section B: the Sciences & Engineering 59(10-B), 5580.

Vorspan, R. (1985). Staff/Member Relationships in the Clubhouse Model. The Fountain House Annual 3.

Farrell, S.P. & Deeds, E.S. (1997). The Clubhouse Model as Exemplar: Merging Psychiatric Nursing and Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 35, 27-34.

Starks, R.D., Zahniser, J.H., Maas, D., & McGuirk, F. (2000). The Denver approach to rehabilitation services. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 21, 59-64.

Sonne, M. (1984). The Fountain House model: Rehabilitation of the chronically mentally ill. Nordisk Psykologi, 36, 75-90.

Malamud, T.J. & McCrory, D. (1988). Transitional Employment and Psychosocial Rehabilitation. In J.A.Cardiello & M.D. Bell (Eds.), Vocational Rehabilitation of persons with prolonged psychiatric disorders (pp. 150-162). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Phillips, J.R. & Biller, E.F. (1993). Transitional Employment program for persons with a long-term mental illness. A review. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 17, 101-106.

Relationships

Daily, A. (1995). Staff, Friends, and Hope in the Clubhouse. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 31-32. Presented at the 7^th International Conference on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, MA.

Eddy, R. (1995). Staff/Member Relationships: Inside, Outside, All Around the Club! Clubhouse Papers: Selected Papers from the 7^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 27-30. International Center for Clubhouse Development.

Ely, I. (1992). Closeness in Clubhouse Relationships. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 61-62.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/closeness-in-clubhouse-re.shtml

Gordon, K. (1995). Clubhouse: Finding The 'Balance of Power' Which Heals. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 104-106.

Rhoads, K. (2001). Clubhouse: The Partnership Community. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 29-32.

Stevens, C. (1999). In Clubhouse, We Wear Our Roles Like a Loose Garment. 1-5.

Vorspan, R. (1985). Staff/Member Relationships in the Clubhouse Model. The Fountain House Annual 3. Presented at the 3^rd International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, New York, NY.

Vorspan, R. Relationships in the Clubhouse Model. The Fountain House Annual 3. 1985.

Vorspan, R. Why Do We Come to the Clubhouse? The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 26-30, 2002.

Waters, B. (1978). "Mining Our Value System: A Personal Odyssey.” Presented at the 4^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, St. Louis, MO.

Research

Allen, N., Swiller, A., & Selz-Campbell, L. (2005). Hospitalization Research Undertaken at Threshold Clubhouse, June 2002.

Anastasia, D. (1995). Clubhouse Research: Why and How. 1-3.Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/41anasta.htm

Accordino, M.P. & Herbert, J.T. (2000). Treatment Outcome of Four Rehabilitation Interventions for Persons with Serious Mental Illness. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 22, 268-282.

Beard, J.H., Malamud, T.J., & Rossman, E. (1978). Psychiatric rehabilitation and long-term rehospitalization rates: the findings of two research studies. Schizophrenia Bulletin 4(4), 622-635.

Beckel, D.N. (1998). Clozapine and Clubhouse Treatment Model and Vocational Outcomes of Adults with Schizophrenia. Dissertation Abstracts International Section B: the Sciences & Engineering, 59, 1-93.

Booth, M.E. (1993). Effects of program factors on client outcomes: Evaluation of three clubhouse programs for persons with severe mental illness. Dissertation, Virginia Commonwealth University.

Boyd, A.S. (1997). The relationship between the level of personal empowerment and quality of life among psychosocial clubhouse members and consumer-operated drop in center participants. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities & Social Sciences, 58, 1089.

Delaney, C. (1998). Reducing Recidivism: Medication Versus Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 36, 28-41.

Di Masso, J., Avi-Itzhak, T., & Obler, D.R. (2001). The clubhouse model: An outcome study on attendance, work attainment and status, and hospitalization recidivism. Work, 17, 23-30.

Donnell, C.M. (2001). The Clubhouse Model in Michigan: A preliminary Examination of Individual and Organizational Characteristics Associated with Employment Outcomes. Thesis, 1-177.

Dorio, J., Guitar, A., Solheim, L., Dvorkin, C., & Marine, S. (2002). Differences in Job Retention in a Supported Employment Program: Chinook Clubhouse. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 25, 289-298.

Dorio, J. & Marine, S. (2004). Tying it all together - the pass to success: A comprehensive look at promoting job retention for workers with psychiatric disabilities in a supported employment program. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 28[1], 32-40.

Henry, A., Nicholson, J., Clayfield, J., Phillips, S., & Stier, L. (2002). Creating Job Opportunities for People with Psychiatric Disabilities at a University-Based Research Center. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 26, 181-190.

Henry, A.D., Barreira, P., Banks, S., Brown, J.M., & McKay, C. (2000). A Retrospective Study of Clubhouse-Based Transitional Employment. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 24, 344-354.

Herman, S. E., Onaga, E., Pernice-Duca, F., Oh, S., & Ferguson, C. (2005). Sense of community in clubhouse programs: Member and staff concepts. American Journal of Community Psychology, 36, 343-356.

Hodosh, M.J. (1984). Application of the Fountain House Model of Psychiatric Rehabilitation: What Are We Really Doing? Dissertation, Massachusetts School of Professional Psychology. UMI Number: 9832066.

Jacobs, D.R. (1999). An Effectiveness Study of Psychosocial Rehabilitation. The Union Institute Graduate School, US.Dissertation Abstracts International Section B: the Sciences & Engineering, 60 (10B), 1-86.

Johnsen, Matthew, McKay, Colleen, Henry, Alexis, and Manning Thomas D. (2004).What does competitive employment mean?A secondary analysis of employment approaches in the Massachusetts Employment Intervention Demonstration Project. In Fisher, William (ed.) Employment for Persons with Severe Mental Illness, Volume 13, Research in Community and Mental Health. Oxford, UK: Elsevier

Johnsen, M., McKay, C., Corcoran, J., & Lidz, C. (2002). Characteristics of Clubhouses across the World: Findings from the International Survey of Clubhouses 2000. 1-23.

Kelliher, S. (2006). Factors influencing member employment in International Center for Clubhouse Development (ICCD) clubhouses.

Kinney, R., Macias, C., & Rodican, C. (1995). Fountain House Work Attitude Scale: psychometrics and preliminary research findings. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 18(4), 129-136.

Kinzel, C. H. (1990). Educating for ownership: The use of non-formal education in the Fountain House model of psychiatric rehabilitation (a naturalistic environment).Dissertation Abstracts International,1-204.

Lucca, A. M. (2000). A clubhouse fidelity index: Preliminary reliability and validity results. Mental Health Services Research, 2, 89-94.

Macias, C., Jackson, R., Schroeder, C., & Wang, Q. (1999). What is a Clubhouse? Report on the ICCD 1996 Survey of USA Clubhouses. Community Mental Health Journal, 35, 181-190.

Macias, C., Young, R., & Barreira, P. (2000). Loss of Trust: Correlates of the Comorbidity of PTSD and Severe Mental Illness. Handbook of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, 5, 103-124.

Malamud, T.J. & Associates. (1985). National clubhouse outcome evaluation study.Presented at the annual conference of International Association of Psychosocial Rehabilitation Services, Boston, MA.

McKay, C. & Pelletier, J. (In-Press) Health Promotion in the ICCD Community: Needs, Barriers, and Current and Planned Activities. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, Anticipated publication, Fall 2007.

McKay, C. E., Yates, B. T., & Johnsen, M. (2007). Costs of Clubhouses: An International Perspective. Mental Health Services Research and Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 34(1), 62-72.

McKay, C. E., Johnsen, M., Banks, S., & Stein, R. (2006). Employment transitions for clubhouse members. Work 26(1):67-74, 26, 67-74.

McKay, C. (2005, October). Issue Brief: Recent Research Findings from the Program for Clubhouse Research. Center for Mental Health Services Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School . Available: http://www.umassmed.edu/uploadedfiles/brief18Clubhouse.pdf

McKay, C., Johnsen, M., & Stein, R. (2005). Employment outcomes in Massachusetts clubhouses. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 29, 25-33.

Johnsen, M., McKay, C., & Campbell, R. Examining the Evidence Base for the Clubhouse Model. The 15th Annual Conference on State Mental Health Agency Services Research, Program Evaluation, and Policy, Baltimore, MD. February 2005. Available: Abstract: http://www.nri-inc.org/Conference/Conf05/Abstracts/Mon1330_FH_McKay.pdf Presentation: http://www.nri-inc.org/Conference/Conf05/Presentations/Mon1330_FH_McKay.pdf

Mandiberg, J.M. (2000). Strategic Technology Transfer in the Human Services: A Case Study of the Mental Health Clubhouse Movement and the International Diffusion of the Clubhouse Model. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Michigan.

McKay, C., Johnsen, M., & Stein, R. Forthcoming. Employment Outcomes in Massachusetts Clubhouses. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal.

McKay, C., Yates, B., & Johnsen, M. Forthcoming. Costs of Clubhouses: An International Perspective. Administration and Policy in Mental Health.

Mertz, M. A. & Harvey, R. B. (1998). Career development theory as a framework for assessment and planning in clubhouse-based transitional employment programs for people with psychiatric disabilities. WORK A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation, 10, 219-233.

Metcalfe, A. (1994). Just what I needed: an ethnographic study of Nile House. Occupation, 2, 22-33.

Mowbray, C. T., Lewandowski, L., Holter, M., & Bybee, D. (2006). The clubhouse as an empowering setting. Health & Social Work,31(3):167-79, 31, 167-179.

Neese-Todd, S. & Weinberg, J. (1992). Public Academic Liaison: One Clubhouse Approach to Research and Program Evaluation. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 147-161.

Norman, C. (2003). Experiences from using a participatory oriented research method within a clubhouse. Presented at the 12^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Minneapolis, MN.

Peck, Richard L. (2000). Fountain House: Cutting-Edge Services for the Mentally Ill. Behavioral Health Management, 42-46.

Pelletier, J. R., Nguyen, M., Bradley, K., Johnsen, M., & McKay, C. (2005). A study of a structured exercise program with members of an ICCD Certified Clubhouse: program design, benefits, and implications for feasibility. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 29(2), 89-96.

Rosenfield, S. & Neese-Todd, S. (1993). Elements of a psychosocial clubhouse program associated with a satisfying quality of life. Hospital & Community Psychiatry, 44, 76-78.

Salkever, D. S. (2006). Commentary: policy priorities and shifting sands in the supported employment evidence base. Psychiatric Services 57, 1440.

Sallett, L. (1999). The Mental Illness-Mental Wellness Struggle and the Taking of Responsibility: Observations in the Clubhouse Setting. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities & Social Sciences60 (4A), 1-324.

Schonebaum, A. D., Boyd, J. K., & Dudek, K. J. (2006). A Comparison of Competitive Employment Outcomes for the Clubhouse and PACT Models. Psychiatric Services, 57, 1416-1420.

Shybut, S.J. (1993). Job performance and type as measured by the Myers-Briggs Preference Inventory: Implications for clubhouse staffing. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 113-123.

Snowadzky, B. (1999). Mental Illness and Empowerment: A Descriptive Study Of A Clubhouse Model, 1-152. Masters Arts Thesis, University of New Hampshire.

Stein, L., Barry, K.L., Van Dien, G., Hollingsworth, E.J., & Sweeney, J.K. (1999). Work and social support: A comparison of consumers who have achieved stability in ACT and clubhouse programs. Community Mental Health Journal, 35, 193-204.

Townsend, E., Birch, D.E., Langley, J., & Langille, L. (2000). Participatory research in a mental health clubhouse. Occupational Therapy Journal of Research, 20, 18-44.

Unger, K.V. & Pardee, R. (2002). Outcome measures across program sites for postsecondary supported education programs. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 25, 299-303.

Warner, R., Huxley, P., & Berg, T. (1999). An Evaluation of the Impact of Clubhouse Membership on Quality of Life and Treatment Utilization. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 45, 310-320.

Wilkinson, W. (1992). New Day, Inc. of Spartanburg: Hospitalization Study. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 163-168.

Yau, E. F., Chan, C. C., Chan, A. S., & Chui, B. K. (2005). Changes in psychosocial and work-related characteristics among Clubhouse members: a preliminary report. Work.25(4):287-96, 25, 287-296.

Scotland

Rosengard, A., Laing, I., & Ridley, J. (2004). A Review of Clubhouses in Scotland.Scottish Association for Mental Health.

Yau, E. F., Chan, C. C., Chan, A. S., & Chui, B. K. (2005). Changes in psychosocial and work-related characteristics among Clubhouse members: a preliminary report. Work.25(4):287-96, 25, 287-296.

Social

Hudon, C. (2002). Celebrating Holidays at the Clubhouse. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 78-79.

Jordan, D. (2002). Developing a Strong Social, Recreational and Holiday Program. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 80-81.

Nugent, J. (2002). The Clubhouse Vacation: An Exciting Component of a Clubhouse Social/Recreational Program. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 82-84.

Social Inclusion

King, R. & Waghorn, G. (2003). Impact of Clubhouse Membership on Social Inclusion: Background and Research Design. Presented at the 12^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Minneapolis, MN.

Social Networks

Beard, M. (1992). Social Networks. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 111-116.

Social Work

Jackson, R. L. (2001). The Clubhouse Model: Empowering Applications of Theory to Generalist Practice. (First Ed.) Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.

Spirituality

Agar, A. (2005). Sacred Space: Uncovering the Spirituality of Clubhouse.

Staff

Anderson, S. (1985). The Role of Staff at Fountain House. The Fountain House Annual 3, 1-3.

Beezley, D. (1999). Outside the Staff Room Door. The Clubhouse Community Journal 1, 12-13.

Cook, H. (19XX). Member Involvement in Hiring, Firing & Evaluation of Staff at Crossroads Clubhouse, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 1-2, Midwest Regional Conference, Wichita, Kansas.

Daily, A. (1995). Staff, Friends, and Hope in the Clubhouse. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 31-32. Presented at the 7^th International Conference on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, MA.

Dougherty, S. (1994). The generalist role in clubhouse organizations. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 18, 95-109.

Furches, M. (2000). Hiring, Firing, and Evaluating Staff. Presented at the Midwest Region Clubhouse Conference, Wichita, KS.

Galan, R. (1995). Staff as Generalist: What Does It Mean??? Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the 7th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 84-85.

Hallinan, L. & Nistico, H. (1994). From Pedestal to Personhood: Staff in the Clubhouse.Paper presented at National Mental Health Services Conference.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/from-pedestal-to-personho.shtml

Knight, S. (1995). Affirmative Action: From Clubhouse Member to Clubhouse Staff Member. 1-8. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT.

Ramsey, J. (2000). Clubhouse Staff: The Relationship of Staff Characteristics and Clubhouse Training to Organizational and Career Commitment. *, 1-8.

Reed, S.J. & Merz, M.A. (2001). Integrated service teams in psychiatric rehabilitation: A strategy for improving employment outcomes and increasing funding. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 31, 40-46.

Shybut, S. J. (1993). Job performance and type as measured by the Myers-Briggs Preference Inventory: Implications for clubhouse staffing. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 113-123.

Vorspan, R. (1985). Relationships in the Clubhouse Model. The Fountain House Annual 3.

Waters, A. (1999). Mental health service gives clients power to hire staff. Nursing Standard 14(2), 9.

Wilson, A. (2002). Clubhouse Staff as Unicyclist: Finding the Balance. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 76-77.

Yatsko, J. (2004). The Paradoxical Role of the Clubhouse Director. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 5, 1-3.

Standards

Anderson, S. (2004). The clubhouse model, innovation, and the standards. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 5, 32-34.

Jarl, B. (1992). Living with the Standards in a Growing Clubhouse. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 31-38.

McLeod, J. (1995). Safety in the Clubhouse. 1-4, Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT.

Moxley (1993). Clubhouse Standards as a Program Development Tool. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 17, 177-183.

Norwood, K. (1992). The Evolution of Gateway House: The Embodiment of the Standards for Clubhouse Programs. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 35-40.

Propst, R. N. (1987). Standards for Clubhouse Programs: Why and how they were developed. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 11, 25-30.

Rhoads, K. (1998). Using the Standards to Ensure Quality Clubhouses: The Value of the ICCD Clubhouse Certification Process. 1-2.

Waters, B. (2001). In Support of the Clubhouse Standards. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 3-4.

Stigma

Sweet, T. (2001). Stigma Within the Clubhouse Community. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 11-16.

Substance Use/Misuse

Johnson, J. (1995). Dealing with HIV/AIDS and Substance Abuse in the Clubhouse. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 21-26.

Kaufman, R. (1999). Facing Substance Use in the Clubhouse Community. Clubhouse Community Journal, 1, 17-22.

Moskowitz, A. (1995). How Do We Help? Approaches to Substance Abuse in the Clubhouse. 1-11. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT.

Schartzer, J. E. (1992). Dealing with Substance Abuse Behavior In the Clubhouse. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 107-110.

Williams, J. M., Cain, B. W., Fredericks, T., & O'Shaughnessy, M. (2006). A Tobacco Treatment Model for Persons With Serious Mental Illness. Psychiatric Services, 57, 1210.

Supported/Independent Employment

Maragnano, M. (2004). Supported employment in the clubhouse. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 5, 39-42.

McKay, C. E., Johnsen, M., Banks, S., & Stein, R. (2006). Employment transitions for clubhouse members. Work.26(1):67-74, 26, 67-74.

Obler, D, Triolo, J, and Avi-Itzhak, T (2002). Admit One Ticket to Work: Using the Clubhouse Model With the Ticket to Work Program. OT Practice, 17-21.

Omarkhail, J. (2002). Clubhouse Support for Members in Independent Employment. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 103-106.

Szymanski, E. M. and Parker, R. M. (1988). Supported Employment and time-limited transitional employment training: Options for rehabilitation counselors. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 19(2), 11-15.

Sweden

Norman, C. (2003). Experiences from using a participatory oriented research method within a clubhouse. Presented at the 12^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Minneapolis, MN.

Persson, M. (1992). Transitional Employment: The Swedish Experience. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 16(2), 83-84.

Transitional Employment

Beard, M. (1987). Ten Excuses not to do Transitional Employment and Eleven Reasons Why. Presented at the 4^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Seattle, WA.

Bergendahl, B. (1995). Transitional Employment: International Struggles and Successes. 1-2, 1995. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/17bergen.htm

Bilby, R. (2002). TE in Tough Times. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 88-93.

Bilby, R. (2000). Reflections on Clubhouse-based Employment. 1-7.Plenary Presentation, Eastern Regional Clubhouse Conference, Philadelphia, PA, 1996.

Bilby, R. (1999). Transitional Employment: The Most Supported of Supported Employments. The Clubhouse Community Journal 1, 34-36.

Bilby, R. (1995). Transitional Employment: Pointers, Problems, Politics, and Practices. Clubhouse Papers: Selected papers from the Seventh International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Worcester, Massachusetts, 1993, 33-56.

Cardiello, J.A. & Bell, M.D. (1988). Vocational Rehabilitation of persons with prolonged psychiatric disorders. (10), 150-162.

Harvey, R.B. (2002). Group Transitional Employment Placements: A Discussion. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 109-114.

Henry, A.D., Barreira, P., Banks, S., Brown, J.M., & McKay, C. (2000). A Retrospective Study of Clubhouse-Based Transitional Employment. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 24, 344-354.

Kerr, K. (1995). Transitional Employment Outside the US: International Struggles and Successes. 1-6. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/14kerr.htm

Laird, M. & Krown, S. (1991). Evaluation of a Transitional Employment Program. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 15(1), 3-8.

Lodin, S. (1992). The Meaning of Transitional Employment. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 85-86.

Macias, C., Kinney, R., & Rodican, C. (1995). Transitional Employment: An evaluative description of Fountain House practice. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation 5, 151-157.

Malamud, T. J. & McCrory, D. (1988). Transitional Employment and Psychosocial Rehabilitation. In J.A.Cardiello & M. D. Bell (Eds.), Vocational Rehabilitation of persons with prolonged psychiatric disorders (pp. 150-162). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.

McKay, C. E., Johnsen, M., Banks, S., & Stein, R. (2006). Employment transitions for clubhouse members. Work.26(1):67-74, 26, 67-74.

McKay, C., Johnsen, M., & Stein, R. (2005). Employment Outcomes in Massachusetts Clubhouses. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal., 29, 25-33.

Mertz, M.A. & Harvey, R.B. (1998). Career development theory as a framework for assessment and planning in clubhouse-based transitional employment programs for people with psychiatric disabilities. WORK A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation, 10, 219-233.

Persson, M. (1992). Transitional Employment: The Swedish Experience. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 83-84.

Phillips, J.R. & Biller, E.F. (1993). Transitional Employment program for persons with a long-term mental illness. A review. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 17(2), 101-106.

Ridgewell, L. (2002). Transitional Employment: A Reliable and Worthwhile Package. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 101-102.

Smith, C. (1995). T.E. in the U.K. 1-8. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model. Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/15smith.htm

Stumbaugh, L. (1983). "My Experience of Two Different Methods of Dealing with the Problems of Mental Illness". Fountain House.

Wood, M. (1995). Operation of TE in the Overall Clubhouse Setting. 1-4. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/13wood.htm

Transportation

Cirrus House (2001). Cheers & Gears: The Evolution of a Rural Clubhouse Transportation Unit. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 33-37.

Trust

Macias, C., Young, R., & Barreira, P. (2000). Loss of Trust: Correlates of the Comorbidity of PTSD and Severe Mental Illness. Handbook of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, 2000.

Turkey

Yildiz, M., Tural, U., Kurdoglu, S., & Emin Onder, M. (2003). An Experience of a Clubhouse run by Families and Volunteers for Schizophrenia Rehabilitation. Turk Psikiyatri Derg, 14, 281-287.

Vocational

Cook, J.A. & Razzano, L. Discriminant function analysis of competitive employment outcomes in a transitional employment program for persons with severe mental illness. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation 5, 127-139, 1995.

Malamud, T.J. & McCrory, D. (1988). Transitional employment and psychosocial rehabilitation in Cardiello, J.A. & Bell, M.D. Vocational Rehabilitation of persons with prolonged psychiatric disorders. (10), 150-162.

McGurrin, M.C. (1994). An overview of the effectiveness of traditional vocational rehabilitation services in the treatment of long-term mental illness. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 17(3), 37-55.

Voluntary Nature

Webb, B. (2002). The Voluntary Nature of the Clubhouse. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 31-32. Presented at the 11^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Chattanooga, TN.

Glickman, M. (1992). The Voluntary Nature of the Clubhouse. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 39-40.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/the-voluntary-nature-of-t.shtml

Warmline

Habal-Brosek, C. (1995). Warmline/Hotline: Being There for Those in Need. 1-9.Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model. Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/36habal.htm

Wellness

Camann, M. A. (2001). To Your Health: Implementation of a wellness program for treatment staff and persons with mental illness. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 15, 182-187.

Bradley, K., Pelletier, J., Rettig, M., McKay, C., & Johnsen, M. (2004). Developing a structured physical exercise program for clubhouse members: The Genesis Wellness Project. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 5, 14-21.

Independence Center (2005). Independence Center Wellness Program. USPRA Conference, Pittsburgh, PA.

Richardson, C. R. (2005). A Lifestyle Physical Activity Program for Persons With Serious Mental Illness. Psychiatric Services, 56, 354.

Sallett, L. (1999). The mental illness-mental wellness struggle and the taking of responsibility: Observations in the Clubhouse setting. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities & Social Sciences 60(4-A).

Williams, J. M., Cain, B. W., Fredericks, T., & O'Shaughnessy, M. (2006). A Tobacco Treatment Model for Persons With Serious Mental Illness. Psychiatric Services, 57, 1210.

Work

Angers, M. (1995). Work and Meaning Conferring Context of the Clubhouse, 1-7. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model. Salt Lake City, UT.Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/10angers.htm

Di Masso, J., Avi-Itzhak, T., & Obler, D.R. The clubhouse model: An outcome study on attendance, work attainment and status, and hospitalization recidivism. Work, 17, 23-30, 2001.

Eddy, R. (1995). The Restorative Value of Work and the Necessity of Driver's Ed! 1-6. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model. Salt Lake City, UT.Available:http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/11eddy.htm

Eisner, R. (2001). From Clark to Clubhouse: My Vocational Odyssey. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 19-21.

Eisner, R. (2002). From Fairy Tale to Real Life Vocational Fitness. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 94-96.

Jackson, R. (1992). How Work Works. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 63-67.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/how-work-works.shtml

Kennedy-Jones, M., Cooper, J., & Fossey, E. (2005). Developing a worker role: Stories of four people with mental illness. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 52, 116-126.

McKay, C. E., Johnsen, M., Banks, S., & Stein, R. (2006). Employment transitions for clubhouse members. Work.26(1):67-74, 26, 67-74.

McKay, C., Johnsen, M., & Stein, R. (2005). Employment Outcomes in Massachusetts Clubhouses. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal., 29, 25-33.

Obler, D, Triolo, J, and Avi-Itzhak, T (2002). Admit One Ticket to Work: Using the Clubhouse Model With the Ticket to Work Program. OT Practice, 17-21.

Scheid, T. L. & Anderson, C. (1995). Clinical Care Update: Living with Chronic Mental Illness: Understanding the Role of Work. Community Mental Health Journal, 31, 163-176.

Vorspan, R. Why Work Works. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal 16(2), 49-54, 1992.

Yau, E. F., Chan, C. C., Chan, A. S., & Chui, B. K. (2005). Changes in psychosocial and work-related characteristics among Clubhouse members: a preliminary report. Work.25(4):287-96, 25, 287-296.

Work Ordered Day

Vorspan, R. (1988). Activities of Daily Living in the Clubhouse: You Can't Vacuum in a Vacuum. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 12, 15-21.

Vorspan, R. (1992). Why Work Works. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 49-54.

Work Unit

Cirrus House (2001). Cheers & Gears: The Evolution of a Rural Clubhouse Transportation Unit. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 3, 33-37.

Hast, D. (2002). The Clubhouse Unit. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 63-65.

Jackson, R. (1992). How Work Works. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 63-67.
Available: http://www.fountainhouse.org/moxie/resources/resources_pub_research/how-work-works.shtml

Jarl, B. (2002). From Philosophy to Practice in the Everyday Work of the Clubhouse. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 56-62.

Kaufman, R. (2002). What Makes a Great Unit? The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 66-69.

Maragnano, M. (2002). Structure and Organization of the Clubhouse Unit: Tasks vs. Roles. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 72-75.

Mitchell, J. (1995). Engaging Members in Clubhouse Activities: Choices, Options, Coffee, and Relationships. 1-3. Presented at the 8^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Salt Lake City, UT. Available: http://www.iccd.org/iccd_library/8th/19mitch.htm

Stumbaugh, L. (1983). "My Experience of Two Different Methods of Dealing with the Problems of Mental Illness". Fountain House.

Vorspan, R. (1988). Activities of Daily Living in the Clubhouse: You Can't Vacuum in a Vacuum. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 12, 15-21.

Vorspan, R. (1992). Why Work Works. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 49-54.

Waters, B. (1992). The Work Unit: The Heart of the Clubhouse. Psychosocial Rehabilitation Journal, 16, 41-48.

Webb, B. (2002). The Voluntary Nature of the Clubhouse. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 31-32. Presented at the 11^th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Chattanooga, TN.

Wells-Moran, J. (1989). The Concept of Roles in the Development of Clubhouse Units. 1-3.

Youth/Young Adults

Potter, A. (2002). Young Adults in the Clubhouse. The Clubhouse Community Journal, 4, 85-86.

Kapten, L., Nichols, L., Doyle, A., Harding, G., Potter, A., Gingold, H. et al. (10-16-2001). Young Adults in the Clubhouse. Presented at the 11th International Seminar on the Clubhouse Model, Chattanooga, TN.

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ICCD Clubhouse LibraryReference List

Employment (see Transitional Employment, Supported Employment, and Work)

Evidence Base (see also Research)

Fountain House (see also Clubhouse, Clubhouse Model)

Outcomes (see also Research)

ICCD Clubhouse Library
Reference List